Python Madness

My Night at 3 AM: Hacking Python code to learn the language. That's a life! Here's what I've done so far:

1. Decimal to dual conversion:

import sys

def bd(x):
 n = []
 if x < 0: 
  return "Positive integer required"
 elif x == 0:
  return [0]
 else:
  while x > 0:
   n.insert(0,x%2)
   x = x/2
   bd(x)
 return n

if __name__ == "__main__":
 try:
  number = int(raw_input("Number: "))
  print bd(number)
 except ValueError:
  sys.stderr.write("Integer required\n")

2. Basic truthtables:

def logicalAnd():
 for valueOne in range(2):
  for valueTwo in range(2):
   print "%d %d %d"%(valueOne, valueTwo, valueOne and valueTwo)

def logicalOr():
 for valueOne in range(2):
  for valueTwo in range(2):
   print "%d %d %d"%(valueOne, valueTwo, valueOne or valueTwo)

def logicalConditional():
 for valueOne in range(2):
  for valueTwo in range(2):
   print "%d %d %d"%(valueOne, valueTwo, not valueOne or valueTwo)

def logicalBiconditional():
 for valueOne in range(2):
  for valueTwo in range(2):
   print "%d %d %d"%(valueOne, valueTwo, valueOne is valueTwo)

if __name__ == "__main__":
 op = raw_input("Connective: ")
 if op == "and":
  logicalAnd()
 elif op == "or":
  logicalOr()
 elif op == "conditional":
  logicalConditional()
 elif op == "biconditional":
  logicalBiconditional()
 else:
  print "Connective not known"

3. ASCII table. First column is the ASCII value, second column is the local interpretation, third column is the raw UTF-8 interpretation, fourth column is the hexadecimal value:

for element in xrange(256):
 print "%s \t %s \t %s \t %s"%(element,%%
 chr(element), str(tuple(chr(element)))%%
 .strip("()'',"), chr(element).encode("hex"))

4. Perhaps a complicated dual to decimal program:

def reverseRange(input):
 n = []
 for i in range(len(input)-1,-1,-1):
  n.append(i)
 return n

def singleValues(input):
 m = []
 for  i in input:
  m.append(i)
 return m

if __name__ == "__main__":
 input = raw_input("Number: ")
 rR = reverseRange(input)
 sV = singleValues(input)
 dN = 0
 for i in range(len(sV)):
  dN += int(sV[i])*2**int(rR[i])
 print dN

This code works in 2.6.1